Abstract In the present work the effect of ZnO, PbO, Fe2O3 and PbCl2 on the blast furnace coke and graphite oxidation under nonisothermal conditions was studied by means of thermal analysis. In this way the conditions of pyrometallurgical treatment of blast furnace and steelmaking sludge mixtures containing the above constituents were modelled. The results showed that ZnO addition has a negligible effect on the coke and graphite thermal oxidation. Fe2O3 addition results in increasing the thermal oxidation activation energy in both the materials. The most important is the catalytic effect of lead compounds which depress the graphite exothermal maximum temperature considerably (up to 300°C). Moreover, lead (II) oxide depresses the oxidation activation energy of both the studied substances. That is why it will be reasonable to consider the PbO influence on the fuel oxidation in the pyrometallurgical treatment of steelmaking sludge by agglomeration in the open air.