Abstract
	The identification of mechanism influencing the punishment of the refractory lining of the basic oxygen furnace is the basic condition for the optimalization of steel production. Knowledge of the rate by which the given factor affects to the amortization of the refractory building material is closely related to the creation of the technological procedures serving to the limitation of their influence. It is possible to apply the results of the mechanism analysis by which comes up to the decrease of the thickness of the refractory lining of the basic oxygen furnace during the campaign in the development of new refractories with more appropriate chemical structure and physical qualities. It is very important to state the balanced consumption of the gunning materials in this orientation, because the costs to the gunning materials are the major part of the total financial costs to the campaign. By the statement of the optimal consumption of the gunning materials is possible to terminate the period of the campaign of the basic oxygen furnace during which the whole steel production process is from the financial point of view profitable for the producer. There was set schedule of wear mechanism of refractory lining based on literature and consider with temperatures in range 1300 °C to 1700°C. These temperature levels are probable in BOF during production process. Wear process was joint to logical steps. There was describe the most likely procedure of wear mechanism and products of chemical reactions by thermodynamic data in each step.